Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology (" nanotech ") is manipulation of matter on an atomic , molecular , and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through 2012, the USA has invested $3.7 billion using its National Nanotechnology Initiative , the European Union has invested $1.2 billion, and Japan has invested $750 million. [3]
Page Revisions
| Year | Metadata | Sections | Top Words | First Paragraph |
| 2018 |
293851 characters 21 sections 60 paragraphs 22 images 628 internal links 192 external links |
nanotechnology 0.791 molecular 0.218 nanomaterials 0.181 nanoparticles 0.170 nanoscale 0.147 atoms 0.130 nanotechnologies 0.102 catalyst 0.093 nanotubes 0.090 scanning 0.084 drexler 0.079 lithography 0.074 microscope 0.073 atomic 0.073 carbon 0.067 |
Nanotechnology (" nanotech ") is manipulation of matter on an atomic , molecular , and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through 2012, the USA has invested $3.7 billion using its National Nanotechnology Initiative , the European Union has invested $1.2 billion, and Japan has invested $750 million. [3] |
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| 2017 |
285014 characters 21 sections 60 paragraphs 21 images 627 internal links 177 external links |
nanotechnology 0.784 molecular 0.222 nanomaterials 0.185 nanoparticles 0.173 nanoscale 0.150 atoms 0.124 nanotechnologies 0.104 catalyst 0.095 nanotubes 0.092 scanning 0.086 drexler 0.081 lithography 0.076 microscope 0.074 atomic 0.074 carbon 0.069 |
Nanotechnology (" nanotech ") is manipulation of matter on an atomic , molecular , and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Until 2012, through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested $3.7 billion, the European Union has invested $1.2 billion and Japan has $750 million. [3] |
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| 2016 |
266919 characters 21 sections 60 paragraphs 20 images 624 internal links 127 external links |
nanotechnology 0.785 molecular 0.222 nanomaterials 0.185 nanoparticles 0.173 nanoscale 0.150 atoms 0.124 nanotechnologies 0.104 catalyst 0.095 nanotubes 0.092 scanning 0.086 drexler 0.081 lithography 0.076 microscope 0.074 atomic 0.074 carbon 0.069 |
Nanotechnology (" nanotech ") is manipulation of matter on an atomic , molecular , and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Until 2012, through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars, the European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars. [3] |
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| 2015 |
251819 characters 21 sections 60 paragraphs 19 images 624 internal links 117 external links |
nanotechnology 0.786 molecular 0.215 nanomaterials 0.185 nanoparticles 0.173 nanoscale 0.150 atoms 0.124 nanotechnologies 0.104 catalyst 0.095 nanotubes 0.093 scanning 0.086 drexler 0.081 lithography 0.076 microscope 0.075 atomic 0.075 carbon 0.069 |
Nanotechnology (" nanotech ") is manipulation of matter on an atomic , molecular , and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Until 2012, through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars, the European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars. [3] |
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| 2014 |
234350 characters 21 sections 59 paragraphs 16 images 616 internal links 91 external links |
nanotechnology 0.797 molecular 0.212 nanoscale 0.182 nanoparticles 0.159 nanomaterials 0.125 atoms 0.122 nanotechnologies 0.102 catalyst 0.093 nanotubes 0.091 scanning 0.085 drexler 0.080 lithography 0.075 microscope 0.073 atomic 0.073 carbon 0.068 |
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic , molecular , and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested [ when? ] 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars. [3] |
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| 2013 |
230137 characters 20 sections 57 paragraphs 16 images 602 internal links 101 external links |
nanotechnology 0.810 molecular 0.226 nanoscale 0.153 nanoparticles 0.141 atoms 0.118 nanomaterials 0.117 nanotechnologies 0.106 nanotubes 0.106 scanning 0.088 nano 0.087 drexler 0.082 lithography 0.077 microscope 0.076 atomic 0.076 mbe 0.059 |
Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to " nanotech ") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology [1] [2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology . A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers . This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars. [3] |
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| 2012 |
213930 characters 20 sections 55 paragraphs 14 images 594 internal links 93 external links |
nanotechnology 0.822 molecular 0.249 nanoparticles 0.129 nanomaterials 0.117 nanoscale 0.117 drexler 0.106 nanotubes 0.094 scanning 0.088 atoms 0.084 nanotechnologies 0.082 nano 0.077 lithography 0.077 microscope 0.067 mbe 0.059 nanosystems 0.059 |
Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to " nanotech ") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally, nanotechnology works with materials, devices, and other structures with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres . Quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale. With a variety of potential applications, nanotechnology is a key technology for the future and governments have invested billions of dollars in its research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative , the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars. [1] |
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| 2011 |
219424 characters 21 sections 53 paragraphs 14 images 588 internal links 105 external links |
nanotechnology 0.820 molecular 0.255 nanomaterials 0.121 nanoparticles 0.121 nanoscale 0.121 drexler 0.108 nanotubes 0.096 scanning 0.090 atoms 0.086 nanotechnologies 0.084 nano 0.079 lithography 0.079 microscope 0.069 mbe 0.060 nanosystems 0.060 |
Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to " nanotech ") is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally, nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or other structures possessing at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres . Quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale. |
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| 2010 |
149557 characters 21 sections 44 paragraphs 11 images 221 internal links 81 external links |
nanotechnology 0.762 molecular 0.259 nanoparticles 0.149 nanoscale 0.135 nanotubes 0.135 nanomaterials 0.120 nano 0.110 scanning 0.104 lithography 0.098 nanosystems 0.090 microscope 0.086 atoms 0.086 mbe 0.075 nanometer 0.075 carbon 0.074 |
Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to " nanotech ") is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometer in at least one dimension, and involves developing materials or devices within that size. Quantum mechanical effects are very important at this scale. |
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| 2009 |
160195 characters 20 sections 48 paragraphs 14 images 273 internal links 84 external links |
nanotechnology 0.760 molecular 0.263 nanoparticles 0.137 nanotubes 0.137 nano 0.112 scanning 0.106 lithography 0.100 nanomaterials 0.091 nanoscale 0.091 microscope 0.087 atoms 0.087 mbe 0.076 nanosystems 0.076 nanotech 0.076 carbon 0.076 |
Nanotechnology , shortened to " nanotech ", is the study of the controlling of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures of the size 100 nanometers or smaller in at least one dimension, and involves developing materials or devices within that size. Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly , from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to investigating whether we can directly control matter on the atomic scale . |
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| 2008 |
112724 characters 19 sections 52 paragraphs 8 images 198 internal links 56 external links |
nanotechnology 0.727 molecular 0.270 nanomaterials 0.194 nanotubes 0.162 nano 0.159 nanoparticles 0.129 nanoscale 0.129 scanning 0.104 atoms 0.081 mbe 0.081 nanosystems 0.081 carbon 0.080 lithography 0.080 assembly 0.069 microscope 0.069 |
Nanotechnology , which is sometimes shortened to " Nanotech ", refers to a field whose theme is the control of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures of the size 100 nanometers or smaller, and involves developing materials or devices within that size. |
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| 2007 |
92491 characters 18 sections 37 paragraphs 10 images 202 internal links 39 external links |
nanotechnology 0.563 molecular 0.361 nano 0.214 nanomaterials 0.181 nanoscale 0.161 scanning 0.150 microscope 0.144 nanoparticles 0.141 nanosystems 0.121 lithography 0.115 atoms 0.115 drexler 0.100 mbe 0.100 atom 0.099 atomic 0.097 |
Nanotechnology refers broadly to a field of applied science and technology whose unifying theme is the control of matter on the atomic and molecular scale, normally 1 to 100 nanometers , and the fabrication of devices within that size range. It is a highly multidisciplinary field, drawing from fields such as applied physics , materials science , interface and colloid science , device physics , supramolecular chemistry (which refers to the area of chemistry that focuses on the noncovalent bonding interactions of molecules), self-replicating machines and robotics , chemical engineering , mechanical engineering , and electrical engineering . Much speculation exists as to what may result from these lines of research. Nanotechnology can be seen as an extension of existing sciences into the nanoscale, or as a recasting of existing sciences using a newer, more modern term. |
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| 2006 |
85969 characters 26 sections 71 paragraphs 8 images 172 internal links 56 external links |
nanotechnology 0.758 nanoparticles 0.412 molecular 0.181 nanoscale 0.173 nanotechnologies 0.087 nanotubes 0.087 nano 0.080 materials 0.068 risks 0.066 societal 0.065 friction 0.062 lithography 0.062 broadly 0.054 mbe 0.054 nanomaterials 0.054 |
Nanotechnology (someitme referred as nanofabrication [1] )is a field of applied science and technology covering a broad range of topics. The main unifying theme is the control of matter on a scale below 100 nano meters , as well as the fabrication of devices on this same length scale. It is a highly multidisciplinary field, drawing from fields such as colloidal science, device physics , and supramolecular chemistry . Much speculation exists as to what new science and technology might result from these lines of research. Some view nanotechnology as a marketing term that describes pre-existing lines of research. |
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| 2005 |
60024 characters 20 sections 33 paragraphs 1 images 141 internal links 87 external links |
nanotechnology 0.790 molecular 0.205 nano 0.154 atoms 0.148 nanoparticles 0.113 nanometers 0.108 nanometer 0.094 particles 0.085 phenomena 0.077 ambitious 0.075 drexler 0.075 nanotubes 0.075 molecules 0.075 organic 0.072 structures 0.066 |
Nanotechnology comprises technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0.1 to 100 nm. (One nanometer equals one thousandth of a micrometre or one millionth of a millimetre .) The term has sometimes been applied to microscopic technology. This article discusses nanotechnology, nanoscience, and molecular nanotechnology . |
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| 2004 |
30446 characters 9 sections 16 paragraphs 2 images 106 internal links 26 external links |
nanotechnology 0.439 cs1 0.405 parser 0.393 mw 0.320 svg 0.135 lock 0.127 output 0.098 inherit 0.098 kern 0.090 molecular 0.088 background 0.083 feynman 0.082 nanometer 0.082 supramolecular 0.082 parameter 0.079 |
Nanotechnology as a collective term refers to technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0.1-100nm. (One nanometer equals one thousandth of a micrometer or one millionth of a millimeter .) The term sometimes applies to any microscopic technology. Due to the small size at which nanotechnology operates, physical phenomena not observed at the macroscopic scale dominate. These nanoscale phenomena include quantum size effects and short range forces such as van der Waals forces . Furthermore the vastly increased ratio of surface area to volume promotes surface phenomena. Since the complexity (i.e number of features per unit of area) of computers is growing exponentially it is believed that it will develop into nanotechnology, i.e. molecular electronics , in the near future if Moore's law is to be upheld. |
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| 2003 |
21115 characters 1 sections 19 paragraphs 0 images 81 internal links 26 external links |
nanotechnology 0.801 drexler 0.200 molecular 0.193 feynman 0.100 robots 0.096 eric 0.096 atoms 0.096 replication 0.082 goods 0.078 species 0.072 mutate 0.067 sap 0.067 cease 0.067 fog 0.067 mechanosynthesis 0.067 |
Nanotechnology refers to exploratory engineering at the atomic and molecular level, where the nanometer is a common unit of length . The term is sometimes used to describe any microscopic technology . Physically, real nanotechnology relates to sizes of only a few atoms ' width. Implementing nanotechnology in its fullest sense would require the ability to directly manipulate atoms or molecules via mechanosynthesis . It is sometimes referred to as Molecular nanotechnology or MNT to distinguish it from Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ( MEMS ). |
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| 2002 |
11396 characters 0 sections 13 paragraphs 0 images 53 internal links 5 external links |
nanotechnology 0.804 atoms 0.182 drexler 0.169 feynman 0.127 robots 0.121 molecular 0.109 replication 0.104 species 0.091 cease 0.085 nanobots 0.085 nanosystems 0.085 goods 0.074 atom 0.069 talk 0.068 replicate 0.061 |
Technically Nanotechnology is technology on the scale of the nanometer , though the term is often used to describe microscopic technology as well. Physically, real nanotechnology relates to sizes of only a few atoms ' width. Implementing nanotechnology in its fullest sense would require the ability to directly manipulate atoms or molecules . It is sometimes called Molecular nanotechnology to distinguish it from Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ( MEMS ). |
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| 2001 |
9919 characters 0 sections 22 paragraphs 0 images 49 internal links 5 external links |
nanotechnology 0.809 atoms 0.193 drexler 0.180 replication 0.148 feynman 0.135 molecular 0.115 robots 0.097 species 0.097 cease 0.090 nanosystems 0.090 atom 0.074 feasibility 0.058 weapons 0.058 constructing 0.058 introduces 0.058 |
Nanotechnology is technology on the scale of the nanometer . Physically, this relates to sizes of only a few atoms ' width. Implementing nanotechnology in its fullest sense would require the ability to directly manipulate atoms or molecules . It is sometimes called Molecular nanotechnology to distinguish it from MEMS . |